同CIE AL经济不同,Edexcel爱德思International Alevel(IAL)经济属于modular,也就是模块型课程。通俗点讲,就是整个2年课程分为4个单元来进行学习和考试。
其中,AS阶段学习第1单元和第2单元;A2阶段学习第3单元和第4单元。
AS单元:
Unit 1. Markets in action 市场运行,属于微观部分
Unit 2. Macroeconomic performance and policy 宏观经济表现与政策
A2单元:
Unit 3. Business behaviour 商业行为
Unit 4. Developments in the global economy 全球经济发展
那么,这4个单元,分别都会学习到哪些知识点呢?我们一个一个来看。
U1: Markets in action
第1单元Markets in action 市场运行学习内容具体包括:
- The nature of economics
- Positive and normative economics
- Scarcity
- Production possibility frontiers
- Specialisation and the role of money and financial markets
- Free market, mixed and command economies
- Rational decision making
- The demand curve
- Price, income and cross-elasticities of demand
- Price, income and cross-elasticities of demand
- The supply curve
- Price elasticity of supply
- Determination of market equilibrium
- Consumer and producer surplus
- Functions of the price mechanism
- Indirect taxes and subsidies
- Sources of market failure
- Positive and negative externalities
- Non-provision of public goods
- Imperfect market information
- Moral hazard
- Speculation and market bubbles
- Purpose and methods of government intervention
- Government failure
U2: Macroeconomic performance and policy
第2单元Macroeconomic performance and policy 宏观经济表现与政策,学习内容具体包括:
- Economic growth
- Inflation
- Employment and unemployment
- Balance pf payments
- The characteristics of AD
- Consumption (C)
- Investment (I)
- Government expenditure (G)
- Net trade balance (X−M)
- The characteristics of AS
- Short-run AS (SRAS)
- Long-run AS (LRAS)
- National income
- Injections and withdrawals
- Equilibrium level of real output
- The multiplier
- Causes of growth
- Benefits of growth
- Costs of growth
- Output gaps
- Macroeconomic objectives
- Possible conflicts between macroeconomic objectives
- Macroeconomic supply-side policies
- Macroeconomic demand-side policies
U3: Business behaviour
第3单元Business behaviour商业行为学习内容具体包括:
- Types of business
- Size of businesses
- Business objectives
- Revenue
- Costs
- Economies and diseconomies of scale
- Profits and losses
- Efficiency
- Concentration ratio
- Perfect competition
- Monopolistic competition
- Oligopoly
- Monopoly
- Monopsony
- Contestability
- The demand for labour
- The supply of labour
- The determination of wage rates in competitive and non-competitive markets
- Market failure in the labour market
- Government intervention in product markets
- Government intervention in labour markets
U4: Developments in global economy
第4单元Developments in the global economy 全球经济发展学习内容具体包括:
Characteristics of globalisation
Causes of globalisation
Effects of globalisation
Specialisation and comparative advantage
Patterns and volume of world trade
Terms of trade
Trade liberalisation and trading blocs Restrictions on free trade Balance of paymemts Exchange rates International
competitiveness Poverty Inequality Public expenditure
Taxation
Public sector borrowing and public sector debt
Macroeconomic policies
Measures of economic development
Constraints on growth and development Measures to promote growth and development