观点类大作文，犯罪类话题
Young people who commit serious crimes, such as a robbery or a violent attack should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目来源：2023年8月12日大陆雅思大作文（重复2017年5月6日大陆考题）
1、题目大意
犯下严重罪行的年轻人如抢劫或暴力袭击，应该像成年人一样受到惩罚。你在多大程度上同意或不同意？
2、思路解析
这是一道观点类大作文，聊的是年轻人犯罪处罚的问题。审题时需要注意两点，一是讨论对象主体是“young people”，论证时需要注意这个群体的特性；二是题目中明确了“commit serious crimes”，需要考虑这种情况。下面，月半鸭和大家一起来看下具体观点。
首先来看反对的角度，有三方面。
一是青少年的大脑尚未完全成熟，他们可能无法像成人那样理解后果或进行合理的判断，因此惩罚应该与他们的年龄和心理发展水平相符，以更全面、更人性化的方式处理这些案件。
二是青少年犯罪可能是社会环境和家庭背景的产物，应该关注如何教育和改造帮助他们未来走上正轨，而非单纯的惩罚。
三是对青少年施加成人的刑罚可能会对其未来生活造成无法逆转的负面影响，比如与社会脱节或者受到周围人歧视，进而增加其未来再次犯罪的风险，导致更多的社会问题。
其次来看赞同的角度，同样有三方面。
一是法律应当公平，犯罪的严重性应该是判罚的主要依据，而不是犯罪者的年龄。这样可以确保刑罚与罪行相匹配，并向公众传递一个清晰的信息，即严重罪行将受到相应的惩罚，无论罪犯的年龄如何。
二是保护受害者和社会的利益，青少年犯下的严重罪行可能对受害人和社会造成长期伤害，将他们与成人罪犯同等对待可以让受害者感到慰藉，同时可以确保社会的安全。
三是与成年人一样的处罚可以产生威慑效果，防止其他青少年走向犯罪。通过严格的处罚向青少年传达一个明确的信息，即他们的年龄并不能成为脱罪的理由，进而减少青少年犯罪的发生。
3、提纲
4、高分范文示例
In recent times, there has been a marked escalation in the ratio of adolescents apprehended and conclusively implicated in grave felonies. Some contend that it would be excessively severe to subject these underage individuals, who are not yet 18, to the same punitive measures as adults. However, my perspective aligns more closely with the belief that the punishment meted out should be commensurate with the type and intensity of the crime committed, potentially equating to adult sanctions.
The majority of legal frameworks dictate particular protocols concerning the handling of youthful offenders. These young culprits are typically sentenced to probation, house arrest, or relocation to foster care. Occasionally, social workers are deployed to mentor these juvenile delinquents, providing them with essential life skills and social acumen, in hopes of steering them away from a life of crime. These strategies are generally presumed to effectively rehabilitate the offenders and dissuade them from recidivism.
Regrettably, in the interim, the rates of violent crimes committed by juveniles have surged, almost doubling the rate of adult crime. A plausible explanation for this worrying trend is tied to the aforementioned specialized procedures. These processes create an illusion of invincibility in the minds of these young offenders, making them feel impervious to the reach of the law. This lends credence to the assertion that stringent penalties, rather than lenient ones, must be enforced, specifically for those guilty of severe offenses such as robbery or violent assault.
Moreover, subjecting minors to the same punitive measures as adults will compel them to bear the weight of their actions and their consequences. This will catalyze profound introspection about their illicit deeds. Living under the wings of excessively protective parents and ensconced within their own insulated microcosms, these young individuals exhibit indifference towards ethical norms and are unencumbered by remorse. Their actions are further propelled by their self-serving desires, leading them to undertake risks that most mature, accountable adults would eschew under normal circumstances. The intervention of law enforcement and the looming threat of penalties enable these young individuals to shatter their illusions and mold them into responsible members of society, guided by righteous values.
In conclusion, the specialized treatment meted out to juvenile offenders often falls short of tangible reality, unless they personally endure severe punishments. Subjecting them to equivalent punitive measures as adults serves dual purposes—it aims not only at rehabilitation but also at retribution and deterrence.
5、相关词汇和语法结构
Marked escalation 显著增长
Commensurate with 与...相称
Potentially equating to 可能相当于
Dictate particular protocols 规定特定的协议
Steer them away 引导他们远离
Dissuade them from recidivism 劝阻他们从重犯罪行为
Worrying trend 令人担忧的趋势
Feel impervious to the reach of the law 感觉无法被法律所触及
Stringent penalties 严格的惩罚
Compel them to bear the weight 强迫他们承担重任
Catalyze profound introspection 催化深入反思
Exhibit indifference towards 显示对...的冷漠
Unencumbered by remorse 没有被悔恨困扰
Self-serving desires 自私的欲望
Undertake risks 承担风险
Looming threat of penalties 迫在眉睫的惩罚威胁
Shatter their illusions 打破他们的幻想
Guided by righteous values 由正义的价值观引导
Dual purposes 双重目的
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