Literature Review怎么写？

撰写高质量的文献综述对于学术研究至关重要。以下是详细步骤和实用句型，帮助你系统地完成文献综述。

01介绍理论背景(Theoretical Framework)

在回顾具体的文献前，需要先介绍你的研究主题下的理论背景或模型，因为这是所有文献的基础！是最基础的部分！常用句式：

常用句式：

🔺This study is grounded in the theoretical framework of...

🔺The foundational model for this research is...

🔺According to the theoretical background of...

02介绍已有研究(Existing Literature)

在回顾已有研究时，一定要做到两件事：有重点、有层次。

有重点！

虽然是文献综述，但一定不是文献的堆积。要选择最和你研究课题相关的4-5篇文章重点回顾，其他的可以简略提及。

常用句式：

🔺Recent evidence suggests that...

🔺Extensive research has shown that...

🔺Previous research has established that...

🔺A series of recent studies have indicated that...

🔺Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on...

🔺There is a growing body of literature that investigates...

🔺Ample evidence exists to support the view/hypothesis that...

🔺Researchers have become increasingly interested in...

🔺...is an emerging research area in the field of...

有层次！

不仅单篇文章重要，文章和文章之间的相互关系更重要。需要对阅读的文献进行归纳分类和比对。例如，可以把相同观点或使用相同研究方法的文章在一个段落介绍；同时要突出文献之间的冲突感，因为有了冲突感才能让文献回顾显得有层次，激发读者兴趣往下读！

常用句式：

🔺The extent to which ... has remained controversial.

🔺Whether and the extent to which ... determines the ... is controversial.

🔺However, the extent to which the model of ... influences ... has been under much debate in the field of...

🔺Some ... whereas some ...

🔺There appear to be discrepancies between some of the reported observations.

🔺The results on this question are mixed.

🔺Research on this issue presents conflicting findings.

🔺The literature on ... is less consistent.

🔺There is far less consensus as to...

03介绍研究空白(Research Gap)

已有研究回顾完了，就该展现你的研究了。这时需要回答你为什么进行这项研究的问题，即现有研究存在哪些问题，哪些还没有被研究到，哪些文章的结论你不认同，哪些地方你觉得需要改进。这是展示你的批判性思维的关键部分。

研究空白常用句式（缺少前人研究）：

🔺While some research has been carried out on..., much less is known about...

🔺To date, this problem has received little attention in the research literature.

🔺The role of... in... is less certain/understudied/poorly understood.

🔺So far, however, there has been very little discussion about...

🔺In contrast to..., there is much less information about the effects of...

研究空白常用句式（前人研究缺陷）：

🔺This seems to be a common problem in...

🔺The limitations of... are increasingly apparent.

🔺One limitation in... is that...

🔺The existing studies have many problems in...

🔺The existing accounts fail to resolve/address...

🔺Half of the studies evaluated failed to specify...

...'s research is not without controversy.

04介绍当前的研究(The Current Study)

最后，可以很自然地引出你的研究，给出一个概述，并再次明确你的研究目标。这部分应该和第三步的研究空白一致，才能前后呼应。

研究目标常用句式：

🔺This study/paper/essay is aimed at...

🔺This study provides an overview of...

🔺This paper discusses the role of ... in...

🔺This essay investigates the factors that determine...

🔺The aim of this study is twofold. The first is to... The second is to...