论“GMAT SC”和“中国传统语法”的区别

提到中国我们学了十几年甚至几十年的语法，大家再熟悉不过的就是这几本书了。

它陪伴我们度过了无数个不眠的夜晚啊。但学GMAT语法的第一节课。还是有很多同学跟我说：“我语法啥也不会，老师，我分不清主谓宾定状补。”我给他们的答复是：恭喜你，同学！

为啥说恭喜呢？有点开玩笑的成分，也不完全是。因为GMAT SC和中国传统语法真的有很大的不同，有时初高中语法学的太好，反而会害了你。

1. GMAT SC 不需要大家精确地划出主谓宾(那样时间上也不允许），只需要能够读懂句子的主要意思。

我们来看个例子：

17OG Digging in sediments in northern China, evidence has been gathered by scientists suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had previously thought.

(A) evidence has been gathered by scientists ' suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had

(B) evidence gathered by scientists suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than had been

(C) scientists have gathered evidence suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than

(D) scientists have gathered evidence that suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that which was

(E) scientists have gathered evidence which suggests a much earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that

解析：

这句话其实就是想说”科学家采集了证据，证据说明life-forms的出现比我们认为得早”, 只要读懂了句子的这个核心意思，题目就迎刃而解了。首先，证据不能自己挖自己，所以和前面的digging不搭配，得改，如果主语是科学家那就对了。排除了AB。其次，后半句表达的清晰准确的只有C了。

2. 传统语法中的条条框框不一定适用于GMAT。有些语法我们背了很多年，但在GMAT中不认可，大家一定注意区分。

例如：which的先行词是一句话的情况，在GMAT中是不接受的。因为GMAT认为，which必须指代前面某个名词。所以下面这句话是不正确的。

I was late, which made my boss really angry.

除此之外，在从句中，以下连接词或引导词要特别注意：

1） 宾语从句中引导词that一般不能省略

2） If不可以引导名词性从句，如果要表示“是否”，只能用whether引导

3.  GMAT侧重句子的有效性和简洁性

GMAT是商科的研究生入学考试，将来毕业的学生是要去做商务，进行商务沟通甚至谈判的，冗余绕口的句子显然是不符合要求的。所以GMAT的句子一定是准确并且简洁的。

17OG680（P666） Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982,brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize

(B) published in 1982，bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize

(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize

(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim

(E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

解析：这句话的句子主干是：her third novel brought acclaim.首先，划线部分的明显语法错误是：both...as well as这个搭配用错了，应该是both...and, 这样就可以明显排除AE。其次，从表达的合理性和准确性上考虑，因为句子的主要意思是说这本书给他带来了赞誉，所以谓语动词应该是brought，在1982年出版应该是次重要表达，所以排除BD。再次，考虑到句子的简洁性，C选项很明显优于其它选项。所以正确答案是C。

综上，同学们应该更了解GMAT与中学学习的传统语法的不同了。这样大家可以放心备考，拿高分了！