新鲜出炉的美国国家历史竞赛NHBB知识点来啦！同学们如果有不了解的知识点，记得去搜索一下完整的历史背景和人物，这样就更好地记住啦~
African History非洲历史
01、Rwanda was the site of a major genocide in 1994 perpetrated by the Hutu ethnic majority against the Tutsi population.
1994年，胡图族对图西族及胡图族温和派进行有组织的种族灭绝大屠杀，史称“卢旺达大屠杀”。
02、After the Second Boer War, the Orange Free State and the Transvaal Republic were annexed into the British Empire.
第二次布尔战争后，奥兰治自由邦和德兰士瓦共和国被并入大英帝国。
03、Idi Amin (1924 or 1925-2003) became the dictator of Uganda after he declared himself president in 1971.
伊迪·阿明(1924年或1925-2003年)在1971年宣布自己为乌干达总统后成为了乌干达的独裁者。
Asian History亚洲历史
01、The last Chinese imperial dynasty was the Manchu-led Qing dynasty.
中国最后一个封建王朝是满族统治的清朝。
02、Akbar (1542-1605) was a Mughal emperor who was credited with extending the empire across the Indian subcontinent.
阿克巴(1542-1605)是莫卧儿王朝的皇帝，其在位时疆域扩至印度次大陆。
03、The Forbidden City is a palace complex in Beijing, China containing 9,999 rooms.
紫禁城是中国北京的宫殿建筑群，规模达近万间。
04、Shinzo Abe (1954-2022) served as the Prime Minister of Japan from 2012 until 2020.
安倍晋三(1954-2022)于2012年至2020年担任日本首相。
05、The Philippines was the site of the first major engagement of the Spanish-American War, the 1898 Battle of Manila Bay.
菲律宾是美西战争双方第一次主要交战的地点，即1898年的马尼拉湾战役。
06、Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) led the 24-day Salt March to protest against Britsh’s monopoly of salt production in India.
圣雄甘地(1869-1948)领导了为期24天的“食盐大游行”，抗议英国在印度垄断食盐生产。
07、Al-Qaeda is a militant Sunni Islamic organization founded by Osama bin Laden (1957-2011).
“基地”组织是由奥萨马·本·拉登(1957-2011)创立的逊尼派伊斯兰武装组织。
Ancient History古代历史
01、Leonidas led 300 Spartans against the Achaemenid Persian Empire in the Battle of Thermopylae.
在温泉关战役中，列奥尼达率领300名斯巴达人对抗阿契美尼德波斯帝国。
02、The Library of Alexandria in ancient Egypt was believed to contain over half a million documents.
据研究，古埃及的亚历山大图书馆有藏书50多万部。
03、Julius Caesar’s (100 BCE-44 BCE) crossing of the Rubicon in 49 BCE sparked his namesake civil war.
公元前49年，尤利乌斯·凯撒(公元前100年-公元前44年)渡过卢比孔河，发动了高卢战争。
04、Confucius (551 BCE-479 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher whose teachings highlight love, morality, and respect.
孔子(公元前551年-公元前479年)是一位中国哲学家，他的教义强调仁爱、道德和尊重。
05、The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only surviving example of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
吉萨大金字塔是古代世界七大奇迹中唯一一个留存至今的宏伟景观。
06、Rome’s third emperor was Caligula (12-41), whose four-year reign was marked by tyranny, paranoia, and cruelty.
罗马的第三位皇帝是卡利古拉(Caligula, 12-41)，他在位四年，以暴政、偏执和残忍著称。
European History欧洲历史
01、World War I was formally ended in 1919 with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles [[vehr-SIGH]].
1919年，随着《凡尔赛条约》的签订，第一次世界大战正式结束。
02、During World II, the Soviet Union was led by Joseph Stalin (1878-1953).
第二次世界大战期间，约瑟夫·斯大林(1878-1953)任苏联主席。
03、Warsaw, Poland was the site of a failed 1944 uprising, nearly five years after the city was invaded by Hitler’s army.
1944年，华沙起义爆发，此时距希特勒的军队入侵波兰华沙已将近五年。
04、The marriage of Queen Isabella I of Castille (1451-1504) and King Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516) unified Spain in 1469.
1469年，卡斯提女王伊莎贝拉一世(1451-1504)和阿拉贡国王斐迪南二世(1452-1516)联姻，两国合并为西班牙。
05、The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland and reunify Ireland.
临时爱尔兰共和军(IRA)试图结束英国在北爱尔兰的统治，寻求独立。
06、The Berlin Wall separated East and West Germany, beginning in 1961 until its demolition in 1989.
1961年起，柏林墙分隔了东德和西德，直到1989年才被拆除。
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