在本专栏中，我会从学生作文中挑选一些较为常见的错误，进行总结和详细的讲解。
1 前后人称不一致先来看两个句子：1 As people's livings standards have improved, we tend to buy private cars.
2 Home education is vital for an immature child since it plays a crucial role in one's outlook.
这两句话，就存在典型的前后人称不一致，即同一句话前后使用不同的名词来指代同一人群。同一句话中，第二次提到同一人/事物时，一般要使用代词。
两句话可改为：1 As people's livings standards have improved, there is a trend towards buying private cars.随着人们生活标准的提高，人们倾向于购买私家车。[直接避免人称] 或者写成：
1) As our livings standards have improved, we tend to buy private cars.
2 Home education is vital for an immature child since it plays a crucial role in his(or her) outlook.家庭教育对于没有成熟的孩子来说很重要，因为家庭教育对其人生观世界观的养成很重要。
英文中，除了his (or her)，还可以使用their来指代前面性别未知的人，不过这种用法主要出现在口语中，在正式书面语中用的较少。
这种错误不仅限于指代人，对于任何名词都是这样。比如下面这句话就有错误：Remote working is favoured by many employees, because working at home eliminates the need to commute.(X)应改为：
Remote working is favoured by many employees, because it eliminates the need to commute.远程工作备受很多员工的支持，因为远程工作避免了通勤。
我们在对名词成分进行同义替换时，应该是针对不同句子之间。比如第一句话用了remote working，那么接下来第二句话或者下一段就可以用同义替换working at home/teleworking等等，但是在同一句话内，需要用代词。
2 句子成分重复
句子成分重复，指的是同一个信息在一句话中重复提及了两次，比如主语和状语中的信息重复。这严格来说不属于语法上的错误，但是会使句子不够简洁，能避免则避免。
比如下面两句话：1.With parents' respect and care for adolescents, they can develop correct values and distinguish right from wrong.(With...从句修饰的就是主句，respect/care的宾语很明显就是主语adolescents/they)
2.As technology advances rapidly, it has changed people's lifestyles.(it指代的就是as从句的内容，存在重复)
这两句话可以改为：
1.With parents' respect and care, adolescents can can develop correct values and distinguish right from wrong.有了父母的尊重和关爱，青少年可以养成正确的价值观，区分对错。
2.Rapid advances in technology have changed people's lifestyles.科技的快速发展改变了人们的生活方式。
再比如下面这句话：Rich students have acccess to use high-quality educational resources.access的英文释义为the right or opportunity to have or use sth，已经包含了use的意思。后面再加use的话，就属于语义重复了。直接have access to sth就可以了。
3 句子主要成分之间加逗号
句子主要成分主要包括主、谓、宾、表、补。在这几个成分之间一般是不能加逗号的，比如，有些同学可能会觉得主语很长，于是在后面加个逗号断句，这是错误的：
The idea that a post-graduate degree guarantees better jobs, is popular among college students.(X)→The idea that a post-graduate degree is linked with better jobs is popular among college students.很多大学生都认为拥有硕士学历可以找到更好的工作。
除非中间出现了插入语、同位语或非限制定语从句等需要逗号的结构。如：
Many countries, such as Britain and Italy, have decided to combat global warming.
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